Hackers won’t wait for businesses to strengthen their defenses. Studies show that 43% of cyberattacks target small and medium businesses, and 60% of companies go out of business within six months of a major cyberattack. These statistics highlight the importance of protecting your systems before they become a victim of malicious activity. One of the best ways to do this? Conduct a vulnerability audit.
A vulnerability audit is like giving your IT infrastructure a health check-up. It identifies weaknesses in your systems, networks, and processes so you can resolve issues before attackers exploit them. It is one of the easiest, most proactive things you can do to protect your company’s future.
To help you stay ahead in cybersecurity, we’ve outlined the five most common issues identified in vulnerability audits, what they mean, and how to address them.
What Is a Vulnerability Audit?
A vulnerability audit is a systematic review of your organization's IT infrastructure to identify potential security weaknesses. These audits scan networks, operating systems, and applications to detect vulnerabilities that attackers could exploit. Once the audit is performed, security teams gain visibility into risks and can prioritize fixing the ones with the highest potential for damage.
Regular vulnerability audits are fundamental to staying compliant with data protection regulations, safeguarding customer information, and maintaining overall operational integrity.
5 Most Common Issues Found in Vulnerability Audits
Now that we understand what a vulnerability audit is, let's explore the recurring issues many IT teams notice during these assessments.
1. Missing Security Patches
What it means
Security patches are updates released by software vendors to fix known vulnerabilities in their applications. If these patches are not applied promptly, known exploits linked to these vulnerabilities remain a risk.
Why it matters
Unpatched systems are prime targets for cybercriminals. Attackers often use automated tools to scan for systems still exposed to old vulnerabilities. Some of the highest-profile data breaches in the past have been caused by outdated software, exposing businesses to fines and reputational damage.
How to fix it
To address this issue, establish a robust patch management process. Automate updates where possible and regularly review which systems need manual intervention. Also, ensure patches are tested in a staging environment to confirm compatibility before deploying them.
2. Misconfigured Systems
What it means
Misconfigurations include improper settings or configurations in your IT environment, such as open ports, overly broad access permissions, or mismanaged firewalls. Simply put, misconfigurations create gaps in your system that shouldn’t exist.
Why it matters
Misconfigurations often provide an easy entry point for bad actors. For instance, an open port can be exploited, or an improperly configured AWS S3 bucket could expose sensitive data to the public.
How to fix it
Conduct regular configuration reviews of your systems and networks. Tools like CIS (Center for Internet Security) Benchmarks can guide you in configuring systems securely. Your IT provider should automate configuration checks with a trusted vulnerability management software to ensure consistent compliance.
3. Outdated Software
What it means
Outdated software refers to applications, operating systems, or tools that are no longer supported by the vendor (also known as end-of-life software).
Why it matters
Without vendor support, outdated software won't receive security patches or updates, leaving your system vulnerable to new threats. Attackers know which outdated programs are commonly exploited and actively search for them. It might seem more affordable and comfortable to stick with what you know, but if your end-of-life software is hacked or malfunctions, there is no support system to get you back up and running.
If you’re a Microsoft user, make sure to check out which programs are reaching end of life in 2025. Speak with your IT provider to make the transition to a newer, safer technology.
How to fix it
Create an inventory of all software used within your organization. Identify any end-of-life applications and prioritize replacing them immediately. Additionally, establish software update schedules to ensure all programs are running on supported, current versions.
4. Weak Passwords and Poor Credential Management
What it means
Weak passwords and improper credential practices (e.g., sharing accounts or not enforcing multi-factor authentication) make it significantly easier for attackers to gain unauthorized access.
Why it matters
Phishing campaigns and brute-force attacks often exploit weak passwords or unprotected accounts. Just one stolen credential could give attackers access to your critical systems or sensitive data.
How to fix it
- Implement a strong password policy that requires complex passwords with upper- and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters.
- Enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) across all user accounts.
- Use a centralized credential management system to limit account sharing and ensure expired passwords are routinely reset.
5. Exposed Sensitive Data
What it means
Sensitive data exposure occurs when personal or business-critical information is left unprotected and accessible via the internet or internal systems. This often happens due to improper encryption, misconfigurations, or weak access controls.
Why it matters
Exposed data is a goldmine for attackers, granting them the means to commit fraud, launch ransomware attacks, or sell confidential data on black markets.
How to fix it
- Audit access permissions to ensure only authorized personnel can view sensitive data.
- Encrypt sensitive files in transit and at rest using proper protocols.
- Use tools like database firewalls and Data Loss Prevention (DLP) systems to identify and protect critical business data.
How Soon Should You Resolve These Issues?
Timeliness matters when addressing vulnerabilities. Prioritize fixes based on risk level:
- Critical vulnerabilities (e.g., unpatched critical software) should be addressed immediately, often within hours or days.
- High-risk vulnerabilities (e.g., misconfigurations) can follow within a week.
- Low-risk vulnerabilities should be resolved systematically over time but shouldn't linger indefinitely.
Use your vulnerability audit report to prioritize which issues need immediate attention and which can be scheduled for later resolutions.
Fortify Your Defenses with Weber TC
Proactively managing vulnerabilities isn’t just a recommended practice; it’s crucial to the safety of your entire operation. By addressing the common issues found in vulnerability audits, you can protect your business, avoid costly fines, and maintain customer trust.
If you’re ready to make cybersecurity a priority, schedule a consultation with Weber TC now. Our team conducts vulnerability assessments tailored to your unique needs and industry. It's time to secure your business and stay ahead of cyber threats!
